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Sexual fetishism
Sexual fetishism or erotic fetishism is a sexual focus on a nonliving object or nongenital body part.〔 The object of interest is called the fetish; the person who has ''a fetish'' for that object is a fetishist.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Common Misunderstandings of Fetishism )〕 A sexual fetish may be regarded as a non-pathological aid to sexual excitement, or as a mental disorder if it causes significant psychosocial distress for the person or has detrimental effects on important areas of their life. Sexual arousal from a particular body part can be further classified as partialism.〔Milner, J. S., & Dopke, C. A. (1997). Paraphilia Not Otherwise Specified: Psychopathology and theory. In D. R. Laws and W. O'Donohue (Eds.), ''Sexual deviance: Theory, assessment, and treatment.'' New York: Guilford.〕
While medical definitions restrict the term ''sexual fetishism'' to objects or body parts,〔 ''fetish'' can also refer to sexual interest in specific activities in common discourse.
== Definitions ==
In common parlance, the word ''fetish'' is used to refer to any sexually arousing stimuli, not all of which meet the medical criteria for fetishism.〔 This broader usage of ''fetish'' covers parts or features of the body (including obesity and body modifications), objects, situations and activities (such as smoking or BDSM).〔 Paraphilias such as urophilia, necrophilia and coprophilia have been described as fetishes.
Originally, most medical sources defined fetishism as a sexual interest in non-living objects, body parts or secretions. The publication of the DSM-III in 1980 changed that by excluding arousal from body parts in its diagnostic criteria for fetishism. In 1987, a revised edition of the DSM-III (DSM-III-R) introduced a new diagnosis for body part arousal, called ''partialism''. The DSM-IV retained this distinction.〔 Martin Kafka argued that partialism should be merged into fetishism because of overlap between the two conditions,〔 and the DSM-5 subsequently did so in 2013.〔 The ICD-10 definition is still limited to non-living objects.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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